Paul Hindemith Sonata For Flute And Piano Film Studies Essay

Paul Hindemith Sonata For Flute And Piano Film Studies Essay J.S.Bach: Sonata in G minor, for woodwind and obbligato harpsichord. In a celebrated comment about J.S.Bach, Beethoven said he ought to be named Sea rather than Bach, due to his endless, limitless riches in tone blends and harmonies. These ethics are likewise conveyed in his woodwind sonatas, each with an exceptional melodic form and character. Bach was frequently scrutinized for being obscure and needlessly intricate, yet he had the option to demonstrate through his work that he was, and would stay, an extraordinary pioneer. The exceptional significance of his orchestral compositions, where he exhibited a profound information on the run of the mill maxims and performing strategies of each instrument, was perceived at an early age. Bach is commonly depicted as a somewhat severe character, yet that might be the aftereffect of an absence of data supplementing his character, considered unfitting for chronicled capacity. The primary utilization of the transverse woodwind in Bachs works was in Cantata no 137a, acted in 1722, in Cã ¶then for the birthday of Prince Leopold, with whom Bach kept up awesome relations. Numerous huge works, for example, the primary book of the very much tempered Clavier, cello suites and most likely a portion of the flute sonatas (they are dated somewhere in the range of 1720 and 1741), were additionally formed during the time he spent there, misusing the characteristics and expanded experience accomplished at the Weimar court. It was a period when the transverse woodwind, in fact further developed, started making strides against its opponent, the recorder, and when J.Quantz began making it broadly renowned. The flute players of that period appeared to show a specific finesse, proportionate to that, required in the flute sonatas, yet in addition in other woodwind parts of a significant number of the arrangers works, for example, the cantatas and interests. In one of Bachs life stories, distributed in 1802, by Forkel, the last expresses that the flute sonatas even in our days†¦would be heard by specialists with joy. This specific work raises a disputable issue about its paternity. Bachs authority with respect to the piece began to become addressed during the third decade of the twentieth century. Researchers communicated assurance that Bachs child, Carl Phillip Emmanuel, is the author of this sonata (the predominant accord today), however until today, no supposition has been verifiably demonstrated and no clarification has been offered regarding why a hopeful arranger like C.P.Emanuel would credit this work to his dad with no conceivable explanation. An ongoing report, by Keiichi Kubota, hypothesizes that the g minor sonata is the consequence of a cooperative work among Bach and his child (the last attributing power to his dad). The sonata is played today by the two musician and flute players, as it is accepted that the piece may have been composed at first for violin, as upheld in many distributed articles. Its structure is that of the Italian concerto, exuberant moderate energetic, which helps the audience to remember the critical impact of Vivaldi and Italian music to Bach. G.Faurà ©: Fantaisie pour woodwind et piano, operation. 79 Woodwind has consistently been related with France, a connection that is immovably based upon the specific enthusiasm of French authors and entertainers in this actually evolved instrument, particularly around the turn of the nineteenth century. Paris remained in the front line of melodic procedures at that point, and filled in as a hatchery for new authors and entertainers, who shaped the new patterns. Gabriel Faurã ©, an author, organist, piano player, choirmaster and educator, is one of the most significant French figures of the turn of the twentieth century, portrayed by Debussy as the ace of charms. He was lucky enough to be an understudy and later companion of Saint-Saã «ns, at the Ecole Niedermeyer, where he was sent, after his dad understood the extraordinary ability of his child. His style, multi-faceted and creative, kept on advancing until the arrangers passing, in 1924. Consequently, putting marks on Faurã ©s music can never be exact. His aesthetic trademark is viewed as the scaffold among Romanticism and Modernism and at the hour of his passing the second Viennese School was starting to develop. He was consistently self-basic (to the degree of disposing of a portion of his previously made work) and sought after unremitting productiveness. His symphonious and melodic imagination cleared the street for new melodic patterns and made his style an inseparable component of future instructing of amicability and creation. Faurã © formed the Fantaisie for woodwind and piano, in 1898, upon a commission from his companion and associate, P.Taffanel, who was a teacher at the Conservatoire of Paris, and to whom the piece is committed (later Faurã © would be delegated chief of the Conservatoire). This piece was to be utilized for the yearly starting tests (Concours). Faurã ©, being among the primary arrangers to be charged for the morceau de concours, admitted to Saint-Saã «ns in a letter, that this piece established a genuine test for him. He sent it to Taffanel requesting that he correct any parts that were not fitting for the flute. Faurã © fused the Andante of the Fantaisie to his coincidental music, acted in London for the Maeterlinks play, Pellã ©as et Mã ©lisande. This piece, which is committed to Taffanel, decides to investigate woodwinds maximum capacity, by stretching out to every one of the three registers, covering the entirety of the Romantic instruments go. The entertainer is required to show riches and assorted variety in his demeanor and sound, in his push to follow the unfurling tune. Perception of the piano part uncovers the noticeable quality of the instrument in Faurã ©s attitude. It is seen not just as a going with instrument, but instead as an equivalent accomplice, adding to the melodic and musical improvement of the piece. Along with the flute they utilize a broad expressional shudder, rotating staccatos with long legato expressions, as after a sicilienne-like presentation, an expanding unpredictability in the instruments parts is joined with unexpected powerful changes. Rhapsody additionally exists in an instrumental rendition. This was acknowledged later, after the author passing, by Louis Aubert, in 1957, in line with the conspicuous French flute player, Jean Pierre Rampal. Paul Hindemith sonata for woodwind and piano (1936) In Hindemiths show Mathis der Mahler, Grã ¼newald, a painter, understands that he ought to never have sold out his specialty for political activism. Hindemith however, never deceived his flexible creative character and built up a conspicuous vocation both as an entertainer and writer, showing a complex expressiveness. He sought to make another mindset in music, however not as an end in itself. The term Gebrauchsmusik (utilitarian music) alludes to his idea for music, which ought to be made to fill a need, in light of the fact that the times of creating just for making were maybe gone until the end of time. By drawing on different styles and structures he investigated all parts of creativity and intricacy. His movement was not limited distinctly to the creation of music, yet he likewise took up a powerful job as a guide which is colligated with his arrangement of basic works for youngsters and beginners. His hypothetical treatise Unterweisung im Tonsatz, sets the reason for another methodology towards amicability and melodic molding and the perspectives communicated would impact the following ages of arrangers. Hindemith lived in a time of political unrest and his progressive style couldn't have sidestepped Nazis consideration, who esteemed his music as Gã ¶bbels put it unadulterated commotion making. Despite the fact that Hindemith was guileless enough to disregard (toward the start in any event) the Nazi danger, his sonata for woodwind and piano, formed in 1936, has joined this perspective, yielding a work that implies this evil world of politics and declaring the writers conviction that a craftsman can't stay immaculate by the human enduring around him. The flute sonata was made at once out of an expanding mindfulness by Hindemith of the approaching risk and the ensuing need to escape his nation. His passionate demeanor is adumbrated in the second development which passes on an enduring its recitativo-like tune of the flute. One can't neglect to see the fine incongruity radiating from the sonatas exacting cadenced structure which disintegrates into an immature like song, anticipating the picture of a youngster mirroring a troopers walk. Hindemith, attempted to catch the vanity of human pomposity related to the torment and franticness. The flute player is required to render a wide palette of hues and feelings, from triumphant walks to distressing snapshots of misery and despairing, by reaching out to the full scope of the instrument. The piano has a liberated part in the sonata and consistently moves in a contrapuntal manner against the flute, thus here and there its favored with its top open. The limits among minor and significant harmonies and atonal parts become obscured, much as the limits among life and passing at the hour of the organization, the demise which Hindemith escaped distinctly by chance in numerous events.

Hindrance to Effective Communication Essay

New innovation, for example, advanced cells ought to be an incredible resource and an amazing guide to helping us work all the more effectively. We can react to earnest messages in a hurry, allude to valuable sites and look into speedy realities. Be that as it may, these devices, too helping us, can likewise end up being a deterrent giving data over-burden and steady interferences. We get such a significant number of messages and are presented to so much data that it tends to be difficult to distil what is really significant and what isn’t. We fill our cerebrums with mess and lose the capacity to concentrate on our needs and invest our energy reacting to unimportant messages. We think we are performing multiple tasks however we are getting less beneficial. We read each email yet don’t consistently process the data we need. Therefore, we hazard disturbing the sender by requesting that they remind us what they said or to send the email once more. All the more worryingly, we permit ourselves to be occupied from increasingly significant undertakings by the appearing direness of each email that comes in. This data over-burden doesn’t just effect the manner in which we process data ourselves however can likewise negatively affect the manner in which others see us. It is very simple to give the feeling that you are not tuning in to the next individual. It very well may be very clear even on the phone that you are diverted by your inbox instead of giving the speaker your complete consideration. In an eye to eye meeting, obviously, it is very much clear when the individual you are conversing with is diverted by their advanced mobile phone as opposed to concentrating on the substance of the gathering. In the previous quite a while, messaging and texting have become marvels that couple of us have had the option to get away. Despite the fact that generally well known with the more youthful ages, it is getting progressively basic to see individuals of any age ingested in quiet discussions on their mobile phones. The accessibility of consistent, moment correspondence causes numerous individuals to feel associated with their companions in manners they never were. Be that as it may, do these printed messages and moment reactions help or block us socially? The texting trend brought shortened forms, for example, â€Å"LOL† (Laugh Out Loud) and â€Å"BRB† (Be Right Back) into our language as normally acknowledged â€Å"words.† The more youthful ages visited joyfully in this new â€Å"language† while every other person attempted to comprehend what â€Å"BTW† (By the Way) and â€Å"IDK† (I Don’t Know) implied. This wonder spread over into messaging as kids as youthful as five got the most recent models of PDAs to speak with their loved ones. Despite the fact that everybody with a mobile phone is plainly very much associated with others, the inquiry remains in the case of taking part in such steady, condensed correspondence is an assistance or a prevention in close to home relationship abilities. Over the previous decade there has been an emotional distinction in the perspectives and correspondence styles of the more youthful ages, however what amount of this change has been intensified by the absence of eye to eye correspondence upheld by the messaging fever? Its absolutely impossible to tell for certain in the case of messaging and texting have really caused the breakdown of one-on-one, eye to eye correspondence with individuals, yet I trust it has not made a difference. Rather than utilizing PDAs as a unimportant specialized instrument, numerous youngsters see them as a need they couldn't in any way, shape or form live without. We have all observed individuals stuck to their telephones, their fingers flying over the keys as they remain in line at the store, or are stroll down the shopping center, and even startlingly enough, while they are driving. In one case, a couple of young ladies strolling together in the shopping center conceded that they were messaging one another! I have even been occupied with a discussion with somebody when they whipped out their telephone to send an instant message to another person! Is this the sort of society we are empowering by permitting youngsters to be so subject to their telephones? A general public where eye to eye correspondence everything except stops to exist instead of immaterial instant messages, in any event, when the individual you are conversing with is remaining adjacent to you? The facts may confirm that the individuals sending and accepting those instant messages are speaking with one another, yet what does it say to the individuals who are very around them? What befell the days when you could stroll through the store and complete outsiders would grin and welcome you as you passed? Have the fundamental cultural habits of years passed by vanished for good? Utilizing mobile phones to talk or content is certainly not an awful thing in itself. Nonetheless, it is my feeling that specific principles of behavior ought to be applied when utilizing them so as to keep up a deferential relationship with everybody you are in contact with. Being stuck to your phone puts off a particular sign that you are inaccessible and disconnected to everybody around you. In the event that you message a companion while conversing with another person you are telling the individual before you that the companion is a higher priority than they are. Terrible punctuation and spelling are likewise intensified by electronic correspondence. Continually utilizing contractions and parts in moment correspondence instills these negative behavior patterns into an individual. English educators have consistently attempted to energize right spelling and language structure in their understudies. Presently, with messaging and texting getting so predominant, their employments are that a lot harder. What's more, it isn't simply in the homeroom where spelling and sentence structure have fallen by the wayside. Organizations who are keen on keeping up an elevated level of polished methodology are regularly unable to discover candidates who can spell, talk, and compose appropriately. All in all, what would we be able to do to help those individuals who are dependent on their telephones recollect that there is a whole other world to life than messaging and texting? I accept that guardians should attempt to urge their youngsters to chat on the telephone for meaningful discussions, instead of messaging to and fro multiple times. Doing so will assist teenagers with growing genuine discussion aptitudes which are unrealistic in the dialect of messaging. Likewise, everybody ought to be urged to focus on the individual they are conversing with. On the off chance that you are occupied with a discussion with somebody who begins messaging some0one else, benevolently request that they complete the process of conversing with you first. On the off chance that they reject, just leave. I have utilized this technique myself adequately. Generally, if the individual thinks about you by any stretch of the imagination, they will acknowledge how discourteous their conduct is. Things being what they are, is messaging and texting an assistance or an obstacle? I trust it is both. Messaging and texting can be superb types of correspondence when executed accurately, however they can likewise be mishandled and have unfriendly impacts. Individuals of any age need to understand that balance is the key when utilizing interchange types of correspondence. By understanding when these structures are fitting and when they are not, individuals can increase important relational abilities, be bound to ingest right spelling and sentence structure standards, be progressively profitable in the business world and show up unquestionably increasingly receptive to the world all in all. Since society all in all is getting progressively subject to the moment correspondence gave by mobile phones, I accept that we should all do what we can to take part in conscious conduct ourselves and energize it in others. Phenomenal correspondence, appropriate language structure and spelling don't need to be things of ages past. With a little exertion and support we would all be able to help guarantee that these significant estimations of yesteryears are around for people in the future. Messaging is the favored technique for correspondence for youngsters. As indicated by an article by Mike Flacy, DigitalTrends, â€Å"One in ten youthful grown-ups between the ages of 18 to 24 report that they send or get in any event 200 instant messages for every day (around 6,000 messages for each month). The following age gathering, 25-multi year olds, regularly normal around 42 writings for each day and this pattern keeps on diminishing down to around 5 messages every day for the 65 and more seasoned group.† 200 instant messages for every day? Do they have the opportunity to do something else throughout everyday life? Will these youthful grown-ups get carpal passage disorder of the thumbs? Do you want to content instead of talk? As per the study, â€Å"Most individuals are excessively involved and occupied in today’s world that they scarcely get sufficient opportunity to have an expounded discussion on telephone, and thus like to convey by means of text.† I can see the appreciation for messaging, anyway I do get a kick out of the chance to hear a person’s voice. The feelings and kind of the discussion can be misconstrued all the more effectively through messaging. All things considered, you can’t hear the murmurs and chuckling while at the same time messaging. Truly, you can message little abbreviations like â€Å"LOL† and put little smiley faces in your content, however mockery and incongruity are lost in messaging. I do get a kick out of the chance to get small morning instant messages from my companions far away, and it is the manner by which I speak with my child more often than not. Be that as it may, I would need to state, my fa vored technique for correspondence is voice or Skype. With messaging assuming control over, without hands gadgets are much progressively significant. A significant number of the Smartphones have the ability of making an interpretation of voice into content to send instant messages without composing. A decent quality Bluetooth headset with commotion dropping improves this procedure much. Do you have a Bluetooth portable headset? I have a Droid X, which is somewhat lumbering to hold up to your ear to talk. I love having my Bluetooth headset to utilize, particularly for performing various tasks around the house while chatting on the telephone. What's more, obviously with an ever increasing number of states requiring without hands gadgets while driving, a great headset is basic. Do you have one? What’s your top choice? In the mean time, don’t get into any thumb wrestling challenge with anybody under 30 years old. You KNOW their thumbs are spry and solid from messaging a bazillion words for each moment.

Test Your Literary Knowledge (30 Questions In 5 Minutes) Critical Linking, June 5, 2019

Test Your Literary Knowledge (30 Questions In 5 Minutes) Critical Linking, June 5, 2019 Sponsored by Rebel by Beverly Jenkins. Can you answer these almost useless trivia questions about literature? I dont know what theyre talking about with almost useless but this is a fun quiz to take! So, you want to be a feminist? Youve come to the right place. Theres no better way to get educated, get angry, get inspired, and get impassioned than by cracking open a book. Each of the novels, memoirs, and essay collections will draw you in with quality writing and even more compelling stories. These are books that give time to the stories, lives, and truths of women. Each is worth a read, and then worth buying for all your friends to read, too. Because once youve awakened, theres no going back. Startâ€"or continueâ€"your feminist awakening with this great list of books. ?? My next book, THE FELL OF DARK, now has an official descriptionâ€"and it’s available for preorder! What happens when a lovable gay goofball ends up at the center of deadly vampire drama? Find out in January 2020 https://t.co/TScJt6omwk Caleb Roehrig (@MikalebRoehrig) May 28, 2019 Well, I need this NOW! (Cant wait for what theyll do with the cover!) Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books.

Female Sexual Arousal Disorder - 796 Words

Female Sexual Arousal Disorder Donna Lindley BEH/225 March 3, 2013 Christina Lakeman There are many different disorders that a person can have and one common disorder is female sexual arousal disorder. This is the second most common sexual dysfunction in women. (Female Sexual Arousal Disorder, 2013). There are many women who suffer from the dysfunction. Sexual arousal in women can be broken into three categories, genital arousal disorder, subjective arousal disorder, and combined arousal disorder. When a woman has a hard time getting aroused it can cause many problems in her relationship if it is not addressed properly. Some symptoms of the arousal disorder in women are the inability to become sexually excited, can’t reach†¦show more content†¦With all of the different options that are made available for women to treat their disorder of not being able to get aroused, have an orgasm, or to stay wet during intercourse there should be very few women who still cannot have sex due to the disorder. In my opinion when a woman can’t get sexually ar oused they should try all the at home remedies before resorting to medical treatment. If a simple lifestyle change of eating and exercising more frequently or using a lubricant can save a person from going through taking medication and going to other therapy sessions why not try it. If these options do not work by all means seek professional help for the issue. 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Normally, singleRead MoreSexual Dysfunction is the loss or impairment of the ordinary physical responses of sexual function.1000 Words   |  4 Pages Sexual Dysfunction is the loss or impairment of the ordinary physical responses of sexual function. Women are usually unable to reach an orgasm, which is called female sexual arousal disorder. It once was called impotence but was rejected because it was too judgmental. When men are unable to attain or uphold an erection it is called an erectile dysfunction. Desire disorders, Arousal disorders, orgasm disorders, and Pain disorders are the four categories of sexual dysfunction. It is common when youRead MoreThe Reality of the Vaginal Orgasm1226 Words   |  5 Pagesconducive sexual experiences and often amounts to se lf-blame and sexual insecurity in the female counterpart. 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Even though the changes that occur in men’s and women’s bodies differ in each phase, they do have some things inRead MoreThe Importance Of The Female Egg For Reproduction1557 Words   |  7 Pages Abstract From Aristotle and Plato studying animals. To 1653 William Harvey discovering the importance of the female egg for reproduction. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek in 1678 used the microscope to identify sperm as a seed. Elizabeth Osgood Goodrich Willard came up with the term sexology and opened to the research to understand sex in a whole new level. In this paper we will learn about a couple different sexologist and how they did the research on sex. Keywords: Havelock Ellis, Kurt Freund, Richard

Essay about Informative Speech Scientists Einstein and...

Informative Speech Scientists Einstein and Heisenberg A. Introduction My Speech is about the scientists who had the main influence on our current time and have shaped our contemporary view of the world (Also called in Theology the Zeitgeist). I have chosen two of them who were in many ways just opposites. One is extremely famous and the other is almost unknown except to specialists. The most famous is of course Albert Einstein. He has significantly altered our view of the world with his Theory of Relativity. The other one is not so well known, his works are commonly are associated with Einstein instead. His name is Heisenberg. He worked mainly in Quantum Physics and was responsible for the development of the Principle of†¦show more content†¦He would just learn what interested him. He spent hours with thought experiments like how would it be to ride on a beam of light? This sounds very foolish and naturally many people at that time thought the same. But it had a concrete background in the scientific circles of the later 19th century. They had begun to measure the speed of light and that is were it all started. But to understand the issue we have to go back a bit to Issac Newtown who was revolutionary scientist and discovered the law of gravity and the basics of the laws of physics. These were not revolutionary, but revolutionary was the ability to get a mathematical grasp on it so they could calculate. Newtown made it possible to calculate the path of a bullet. Very important for the military. He made an interesting observation. When you take a ball in your hand and throw it, the ball will have a certain speed while it is moving away from you. But if you see somebody in a train throwing a ball the speed of the ball adds up to the speed of the train. This does not seem to be the case if you are yourself in the train throwing that ball. The ball moves away with the same speed as it did when you performed the same thing on the earth. The Speed of the ball is dependant on the viewpoint. Depends from where you measure it. This is a kind of Newtownian Relativity. The speed of an observed incident - like a flying ball - depends on your own speed. If you are throwing

Sexuality and Value Systems Checkpoint Free Essays

Value Systems Answer the following: Which value system or systems discussed in the text do you most relate to? Explain your answer with at least a 200 word count. After reading the text, the most important value a person could have is the ability to have Sexual knowledge and critical thinking skills. This will allow us to be ready for whatever situation we might be put into and how we must react to conquer the situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Sexuality and Value Systems Checkpoint or any similar topic only for you Order Now Everyone has different sexual value systems most of our systems have more than one preference. If I was to talk about myself, and who I am today I would say I been in a long term relationship have a child already so I know how important it is to be responsible. I am still young so I do not want any more children at the time being. That is why I and my girlfriend are safe we use protection, the type we use is birth control. Both of us are not against abortions, and we both believe if it has to be one do it. Everyone embraces a wide variety of sexual encounters and the sexual values we develop are uniquely designed for our individuality. I would say that I am more modern and open when it comes to sex. I like to experiment and try new things that can not only pleasure myself, but my sexually partner. In return I feel this allows both of us to be satisfied with one another and that is what keeps our intimate bond strong. I have never been one to Judge people who prefer to have sex after marriage I m not one of them though. I have always been about premarital sex within a relationship, but also outside of them too. I was shy growing up, so I did not have many girlfriends so my sexual encounters were mostly a one night fling. I been with my girlfriend for quite some time now In the beginning a relationship was something new to me. I never thought that my sexual values would change, and I would be as accepting and happy as I am. How to cite Sexuality and Value Systems Checkpoint, Papers

The disadvantages of Tourism free essay sample

Successfully operating a business in an ever changing world requires vision on the part of the entrepreneur; this means being able to predict future trends and prepare the company for forecasted changes in the economic system. In truth, commanding a country is no different than that of a business as it too should be able to adapt to global changes in the economy. Machiavelli, the esteemed Italian writer once said, â€Å"The one who adapts his policy to the times prospers, and likewise that the one whose policy clashes with the demands of the times does not. † It is fact that the survival and success of anything, whether it is a species, company, business or country, in a constantly evolving world is contingent on the ability to adapt to universal changes. However, in that respect, The Bahamas has failed to adjust to change in economic conditions on a global scale due to its great reliance on an antiquated tourism model. We will write a custom essay sample on The disadvantages of Tourism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Over five decades ago The Bahamas adopted a model of tourism proposed by Sir Stafford Sands, the former finance minister of The Bahamas, and has religiously subscribed to it with minimum modifications to date. As a result of its reliance on an outdated model, the Bahamas’ economy has become more and more unstable. Moreover, chatter in the global market has pointed to diversification as the solution to the nation’s problem. As this may be the case, many Bahamians are fearful of change because tourism has been The Bahamas’ bread and butter since time immemorial. But should the blame be placed on the Bahamian people’s dread, the vulnerability of the Tourism industry or the get-money-quick schemes of the Ministry of Tourism? While the blame can be shared equally amongst the three, the problem lies with over-dependence on one industry that is susceptible to a variety of factors. According to the Barcelona Field Studies Centre (2014), a diversified economy displays health. Moreover, sole economic dependence on one industry can lead to social consequences if the industry fails (Barcelona Field Studies Centre, 2014). The Barcelona Field Studies Centre (2014) continued to assert that, â€Å"Overdependence on one or two industries is also often accompanied by underdevelopment within other sectors of the economy such as education, health, and the manufacturing and agricultural industries. † Although it may be true that tourism is still beneficial to The Bahamas, a closer examination of this industry will reveal that it is also crippling The Bahamas’ progression as an archipelago. In likeness of these views, The Bahamas should diversify its economy for it is unwise to solely depend on the Tourism industry, which is vulnerable to external forces and unreliable because of its dependency on foreign investment. It is time that Bahamians take charge of the nation and explore alternative industries that promote self-sufficiency, as it will lessen the risk of exposure to the ill effects of a decline in tourism. According to the Central Intelligence Agency (2014), the Tourism industry, coupled with the construction of hotels, resorts, residences, and roads as well as manufacturing aimed at the continued development of tourism, accounts for an estimated 60% of gross domestic product (GDP) and in one way or another employs approximately 50% of the Bahamian labor force. This depicts how heavily reliant The Bahamas is on tourism in terms of jobs and revenue, and also conveys the fact that tourism can essentially be seen as the only productive industry in The Bahamas. The money, jobs and prestige tourism generates has given Bahamians a false sense of security, but growth of the industry has slowed down considerably in spite of tourism’s significant contributions to the Bahamian economy. Chiefly, The Sir Stafford Sands model, often referred to as a two sector economy, places the Bahamian economy in the high risk category because it relies on two sectors, tourism and banking, where tourism is the primary source of income (Agenor Montiel, 1999). The problem lies with the vulnerability of the Tourism industry, which is susceptible to a variety of global external forces. The Bahamas, like many other Caribbean nations, has characteristics which classify it as a developing nation. J. Kevin Higgins (1994) reveals one such characteristic is the economy’s ability to be either negatively or positively impacted by forces in the global market (as cited in Saunders, 2007). This trait is undeniably detrimental when combined with The Bahamas’ dependency on the Tourism industry because tourism is primarily concerned with attracting international guests interested in the â€Å"Bahamas experience†. Furthermore, whenever there is a catastrophe or unforeseen event in the global market, tourism is usually the first industry declining with the most impact, because traveling abroad is considered a leisure activity and not a necessity. Hence, the less people travel, the greater the impact is on The Bahamas’ economy. On that same token, in accordance with Shigetomi et al. (2007), â€Å"Overall growth prospects in the short run rest heavily on the fortunes of the tourism sector, which depends on growth in the US, the source of more than 80 percent of the visitors. † Considering the September 11th attacks on the United States of America, which caused a slowdown in the US economy, the Bahamian economy suffered a great deal as a result of the tourist-resource freeze (Shigetomi et al. , 2007). The Bahamas lost an estimated $200 million in tourism revenue because of the attacks on September 11th coupled with the effects that stemmed from hurricanes (Strachan, 2002). In essence, if there is not an influx of tourists entering the country, no revenue would be made from the industry of tourism. This example alone shows just how unstable the Tourism industry is, and it illustrates that the Bahamas would face grave danger economically if it continues to rely heavily on tourism. Another depiction of this would be the American recession of 2007, which single handedly crippled the tourism industry leaving in its wake over 1,000 jobless Bahamians and numerous hotels suffering from low occupancy rates (Nicolls, 2010). Additionally, a more recent external force that has negatively impacted tourism in The Bahamas is the United States’ warning against traveling to the Bahamas in the midst of a dengue fever pandemic as well as the increase in the crime rate. As recently as 2012, hurricane Sandy disrupted the peak of the Tourism industry, cutting tourism activity by â€Å"some 45-50 percent† (McKenzie, 2012). The uncertainty of the weather, especially in The Bahamas in which hurricanes occur during the summer and fall months, plays a major role in whether or not the Tourism industry generates the necessary income required for that economic year. Fraser (2001) asserted that the impact of these external forces would lead to fewer stopover visitors, reduced hotel occupancy and power room revenues. There is also the risk of 75% reduction in employment and deterioration of business profits and incomes in hotel and related sectors (Fraser, 2001). To boot, there would be a significant decline in government revenue, which will induce a need to spend more money in the promotion of tourism in order to counteract these negative effects (Fraser, 2001). Nevertheless, there will be arguments which will claim that when the country needed revenue, tourism was the only legal and legitimate source in which The Bahamas could rely on, but that argument will never negate the fact tourism is indeed vulnerable. However, the â€Å"skittish-ness† of the Tourism industry is absolutely unacceptable in the 21st century Bahamian economy. The Bahamas cannot continue to foolishly allocate resources such as money, manpower and time to an industry that deeply relies on global interactions for survival and could collapse because of murmurs in the market. Therefore, Bahamians must dispense with the archaic notion that tourism is protected from externalities, and move to minimize the emphasis placed on the industry by actively diversifying the Bahamian economy. Another economic issue that stems from tourism is the fact that most seasonal jobs are created in the industry, which offers little room for advancement. This can lead to a cycle in poverty, where skilled workers can be found in short supply compared to the number of unskilled workers. Even though over the years The Bahamas has benefited considerably from tourism, which has given way to large-scale real property investments and to a great extent provided most the country’s high-end salaried jobs, if the industry starts to decline, by direct proportion, the unemployment rate will increase (Fraser, 2001). As tourism is the major employer in The Bahamas, indirectly and directly employing persons in the hotel sector and other divisions that are tourism-driven (such as construction, retail and restaurants), one can only imagine the number of persons who will be without jobs if the industry collapses. Moreover, a high percentage of the unemployed will more than likely consist of unskilled workers, and this would perpetuate a weak economic system if these unskilled workers cannot find jobs. Due to the fact that the Tourism industry is seasonal, one can assume that persons who work in tourism sectors do not have a stable income all year long. As stated by the General Secretariat for Development Planning in Qatar (GSDP 2011: 10), â€Å"A more diversified economy is inherently more stable, more capable of creating jobs and opportunities for the next generation and less vulnerable to the boom and bust cycles of oil and natural gas prices. † Zappino (2005) asserted that the majority of the developing countries in the early 1970s supported the idea of tourism as it was an immediate source of income and development. There was also the premise that tourism would provide jobs for unskilled workers, and also become a resource for possible investors who would assist in developing their economies (Zappino, 2005). (Fraser, 2001) proclaimed that, â€Å"A general consensus among residents was the â€Å"economic† and â€Å"financial† gains hotels and tourism have brought to the nation. † Bahamians would be persuaded into believing this wonderful fairytale that describes how the Tourism industry, as fairy god-mother, has employed a large number of disadvantaged Bahamians, but what is to be said of the seasonal workers or those who were laid off due to a slow period in the industry? According to Ms. Arthurita Butler, General Manager of Comfort Suites, the hotel â€Å"waited until the last possible moment to [lay off workers], hoping for an upturn in business, which unfortunately has not occurred† (P. I. Layoffs, 2009). In the words of Todd (2013), â€Å"What is 60 seconds worth? For the Ministry of Tourism, the price is almost $200,000. † In the 2013 Super Bowl commercial lineup, the advertisement that was created to lure tourists to the Bahamas’ sandy shores and clear blue waters included superstars Rick Fox, Shakara Ledard and David Copperfield. The Minister of Tourism reported that the Government would â€Å"spend $15 million on its 2013 advertising,† he also went on to say that, â€Å"It will be one of the most expensive campaign efforts in the country’s history; The Bahamas is trying to attract around 400,000 additional airlift arrivals by the time the $3. 5 billion Baha Mar mega resort opens in December 2014† (Todd, 2013). In the article, Student Union ‘Not Satisfied’ After Meeting with Minister, it was stated that the College of The Bahamas had been asked to cut around $2. 5 million from its budget in 2013, while other ministries were expected to cut 10 percent from their 2013 budget and 25 percent in their 2014 budget (Brown, 2013). It is evident that the present Government believes that the Tourism industry will be the â€Å"saving grace† of the Bahamian economy, and is willing to invest millions of dollars in â€Å"tithes† to ensure that the god of tourism sheweth favor on the industry. While investing millions of dollars into tourism, the other ministries, such as education, are at risk of becoming underdeveloped as hypothesized by The Barcelona Field Studies Centre (2014). In The Bahamas, agriculture has not made a significant contribution to the gross national product in decades, and it is apparent that the need for food security is at the forefront for government officials in the Agriculture industry. Yet, the Government has not made extreme efforts to promote the development of the Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries as it has done for the Ministry of Tourism. The country’s policies are all reliant on tourism, and if an external negative force impacts the industry, all of the money, time and man power that was pumped into tourism would be a waste and the economy would have much to fall back on. The Bahamas has already established itself as a tourist destination, but without a diversification policy, The Bahamas is placing too heavy reliance on one industry. The continued reliance already has The Bahamas faced with the realities of dependent independence, which, according to Cabinet Minister Darrell Rolle (2013), â€Å"is where you are politically independent, but not economically sustainable on your own as a people or as a nation. † It is abundantly clear that change is needed as tourism can no longer sustain The Bahamas; consequently, Bahamians must begin exploring alternative industries. For example, the exporting of aragonite (sand) can generate billions of dollars for the Bahamian economy, provide job stimulus and satisfy the country’s need for diversification. Similarly, agriculture also encourages self-sufficiency and supports The Bahamas’ need for diversification. If Bahamians begin production of essential foods like ground provisions and fruits, it will reduce reliance on imported American goods and foster more food security (BAIC Builds, 2010). This can’t be achieved if Bahamians continue to ignore change and labor under an outdated tourism model. Bahamians must strive for independence and self-sufficiency; for they are once again on the brink of a new era within the economy. The time has come for The Bahamas to break the mold of the stereotypical Caribbean nation that relies on one industry for survival, and diversify its economy!